Products related to Referendum:
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Government by Referendum
Referendums are ubiquitous; from Brexit in the United Kingdom in 2016 to same-sex marriage in Australia in 2017 Why are referendums held at all? And when they are held, why are they won or lost? Moreover, what are the consequences of having referendums?Do they strengthen or weaken democracy? Are they mainly won or mainly lost or do they strengthen populist leaders? Or, are referendums a shield against demagogues and overeager politicians?Government by Referendum analyses why politicians sometime submit issues to the people Based on an historical analysis, but with an emphasis on the last two decades, the book shows that referendums often have been lost by powerful politicians.While sometimes used by autocrats, mechanisms of direct democracy have increasingly performed the function of democratic constitutional safeguards in developed democracies. -- .
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Moroccan Constitutional Referendum, 1972
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Framing Referendum Campaigns in the News
This book discusses the framing of referendum campaigns in the news media, focusing particularly on the case of the 2014 Scottish independence referendum.Using a comprehensive content analysis of print and broadcast coverage as well as in-depth interviews with broadcast journalists and their sources during this campaign, it provides an account of how journalists construct the frames that define their coverage of contested political campaigns.It views the mediation process from the perspective of those who participate directly in it, namely journalists and political communicators.It puts forward an original theoretical model to account for frame building in the context of referendums in Western media systems, using insights from this and from other cases.The book makes an original contribution to the study of media frames during referendums and is key reading for scholars and students interested in journalism, the processes of political communication and the mediation of politics. -- .
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Innovation in Music: Technology and Creativity
Innovation in Music: Technology and Creativity is a groundbreaking collection bringing together contributions from instructors, researchers, and professionals.Split into two sections, covering composition and performance, and technology and innovation, this volume offers truly international perspectives on ever-evolving practices. Including chapters on audience interaction, dynamic music methods, AI, and live electronic performances, this is recommended reading for professionals, students, and researchers looking for global insights into the fields of music production, music business, and music technology.
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Why is there no referendum in Germany?
There is no provision for a national referendum in the German constitution, as the country's political system is based on representative democracy. Instead of direct democracy through referendums, decisions are made by elected representatives in the Bundestag (federal parliament) and the Bundesrat (federal council). The lack of a national referendum also reflects the historical context of Germany, where direct democracy was not a prominent feature in the post-World War II political system. Additionally, the German government and legal system prioritize the role of political parties and elected officials in making decisions on behalf of the people.
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Will the referendum in Berlin be repeated?
It is unlikely that the referendum in Berlin will be repeated. The referendum process is typically a one-time opportunity for citizens to voice their opinion on a specific issue. Unless there are significant irregularities or legal challenges that warrant a repeat of the referendum, it is unlikely to be held again. The outcome of the referendum will likely be respected and implemented by the relevant authorities.
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What does it mean when a referendum takes place?
A referendum is a direct vote in which the entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. It is a way for citizens to express their opinion on a specific issue or decision. The outcome of a referendum is usually binding, meaning that the decision made by the majority of voters must be implemented by the government. Referendums are often used to decide on important issues such as changes to the constitution, major policy decisions, or territorial disputes.
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Will there be another referendum on conscription in Austria?
It is currently uncertain whether there will be another referendum on conscription in Austria. The issue of conscription is a complex and sensitive topic, and there are differing opinions within the country. While some may advocate for another referendum to revisit the issue, others may argue that the matter has already been settled. Ultimately, the decision to hold another referendum would depend on the political climate and the will of the Austrian government and its citizens.
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Fashion and Environmental Sustainability : Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Technology
The wide range of topics that the book covers are organised into sections reflecting a cradle to grave view of how entrepreneurial, innovative, and tech-savvy approaches can advance environmental sustainability in the fashion sector.These sections include: sustainable materials; innovation in design, range planning and product development; sustainable innovations in fashion supply chains; sustainable innovations in fashion retail and marketing; sustainable alternatives for end-of-life and circular economy initiatives; and more sustainable alternative fashion business models.
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Front-Page Scotland : Newspapers and the Scottish Independence Referendum
This book provides a varied, thorough and informative analysis of how newspapers covered the 2014 Scottish independence referendum in its critical final months.Providing a wealth of new empirical findings, the book engages with the key themes and issues presented by a variety of newspaper outlets.These main observations include: a major focus on the economic aspects of the debate; persistent concerns regarding an independent Scotland’s prospects on the world stage, both militarily and strategically; the re-emergence of Gordon Brown as a political heavyweight; and a myopic focus on Alex Salmond, who would come to be framed as personally synonymous with the abstract concept of Scottish independence. The book will be the first point of contact for readers interested in the subject, providing an overview which is meticulously researched, authoritative and engaging, and offering broader insights in the areas of journalism, political communication and media studies.
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Front-Page Scotland : Newspapers and the Scottish Independence Referendum
This book provides a varied, thorough and informative analysis of how newspapers covered the 2014 Scottish independence referendum in its critical final months.Providing a wealth of new empirical findings, the book engages with the key themes and issues presented by a variety of newspaper outlets.These main observations include: a major focus on the economic aspects of the debate; persistent concerns regarding an independent Scotland’s prospects on the world stage, both militarily and strategically; the re-emergence of Gordon Brown as a political heavyweight; and a myopic focus on Alex Salmond, who would come to be framed as personally synonymous with the abstract concept of Scottish independence. The book will be the first point of contact for readers interested in the subject, providing an overview which is meticulously researched, authoritative and engaging, and offering broader insights in the areas of journalism, political communication and media studies.
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Albert Venn Dicey: Writings on Democracy and the Referendum
What are the limits to parliamentary sovereignty? When should the people be able to vote directly on issues?The constitutional theorist Albert Venn Dicey (1835–1922) was a cogent advocate of the referendum.While his enthusiasm for the institution was widely acknowledged in his own day, thereafter this dimension of his career has been largely neglected.This fall into obscurity is partly explained by the fact that Dicey never collected his writings on referendums into a single volume.Consequently, during the prolonged crisis over Brexit, the implications of Dicey's thought were unclear, despite his standing as a foundational figure in British constitutional law.This timely modern edition brings together Dicey's sophisticated and intricate writings on the referendum, and it covers his attempts to construct a credible theory of democracy on a new intellectual and institutional basis.An original scholarly introduction analyzes Dicey's thought in light of its contemporary context.
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Is a citizens' initiative the same as a citizens' referendum?
No, a citizens' initiative and a citizens' referendum are not the same. A citizens' initiative allows citizens to propose new laws or changes to existing laws by collecting a certain number of signatures to put the issue on the ballot for a vote. On the other hand, a citizens' referendum allows citizens to challenge a law passed by the government by collecting signatures to put the law to a vote for approval or rejection. Both mechanisms involve citizen participation in the legislative process, but they serve different purposes.
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Is the referendum at the federal level efficient and legitimate?
The efficiency and legitimacy of referendums at the federal level can vary depending on the context and the specific referendum in question. In some cases, referendums can be an efficient way for the public to directly participate in decision-making and have their voices heard on important issues. However, concerns about the potential for misinformation, manipulation, and low voter turnout can raise questions about the legitimacy of the referendum process. It is important for governments to ensure that referendums are conducted in a fair and transparent manner to uphold their legitimacy.
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How could a cartoon analysis of the referendum look like?
A cartoon analysis of the referendum could depict the key players involved, such as politicians, activists, and voters, in a humorous or satirical manner. The cartoon could use exaggerated facial expressions and body language to convey the emotions and tensions surrounding the referendum. It could also include symbols or imagery representing the issues at stake, such as flags, ballot boxes, or protest signs. The cartoon might also highlight the different perspectives and arguments on both sides of the referendum, using speech bubbles or captions to convey the conflicting viewpoints.
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Can the German people dismiss the Bundestag with a referendum?
No, the German people cannot dismiss the Bundestag with a referendum. In Germany, the Bundestag, or federal parliament, is elected by the people and is the highest legislative body in the country. The German constitution, known as the Basic Law, does not provide for the dismissal of the Bundestag through a referendum. Instead, the Bundestag can only be dissolved through a vote of no confidence or by the expiration of its term, after which new elections are held.
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